Peanuts—Black Seed- Nobileton-Rosemary
Peanuts and peanut butter contain all nine essential amino acids* (Table_1)and when consumed with other protein sources, they provide a protein source of equivalent quality to animal protein. Around the world, it is common to find peanuts consumed with wheat (breads), rice, corn (maize), other legumes and products made from them (pasta, noodles, etc) and with lean meat, poultry and fish. This helps to reduce reliance on animal protein foods that contain higher levels of saturated fats than peanuts.---Raw peanuts are 25.6% protein and peanut butter is 22.6% protein by weight, making these foods attractive and affordable sources of protein for people of all ages (Table_2)
In the UK's Balance of Good Health "plate" model for healthy eating, peanuts and peanut butter are part of the same food group as meat, poultry and fish protein.--2 tablespoons (30g) of peanut butter or 1 oz peanuts (30 g) can be substituted for 1 oz lean meat, poultry or fish Ref: Menu Planning in the National School Lunch Program, USDA, September 2000
Like the other vegetable protein sources beans, peas and lentils to which they are related, peanuts and peanut butter are cholesterol-free.[U1]---Peanuts and Peanut Butter Servings Contribute to Daily Protein Requirements
A serving of peanuts is 30g (the size of a small handful) and a serving of peanut butter is two tablespoons (about the size of a golf ball), weighing 30g. Because each serving of roasted peanuts is almost one-quarter protein (24.5%), daily servings can make meaningful contributions to protein
- Ref: UK Nutrient Databank 2001
Peanut protein and heart health1
Levels of the amino acid arginine are higher in peanuts than in any other common nut or legume in the British diet. In addition to the beneficial effects of unsaturated fats which peanuts and peanut butter contain, this amino acid may contribute to heart health because arginine is the basis for the body's production of nitric oxide (NO), which relaxes smooth muscle cells in the walls of blood vessels (vasodilation). NO also has a role in inhibiting blood platelets from sticking together to form clots (adhesion and aggregation)
Table 1: Amino acid content of peanuts and peanut butter (mg/100g)
* = essential amino acid
Amino Acid
Raw peanuts Roasted & Salted Smooth peanut butter
Isoleucine* 950 950 960
Leucine* 1800 1800 1750
Lysine* 990 990 880
Methionine* 320 320 330
Cystine 360 360 330
Phenylalanine* 1400 1400 1290
Tyrosine 1080 1080 880
Threonine* 720 720 670
Tryptophan* 320 320 380
Valine* 1170 1170 1170
Arginine 3150 3150 3150
Histidine* 680 680 630
Alanine 1080 1080 1170
Aspartic acid 3200 3200 3170
Glutamic acid 5130 5130 5170
Glycine 1580 1580 1500
Proline 1220 1220 1210
Serine 1350 1350 1500
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BLACK SEED--- Nigella Sativa Healing Properties
Scientific Analysis of Nigella Sativa
Nigella Sativa contains several ingredients with potential value. The following values reflect the composition of Nagilla Sativa in terms of its active, nutrient components, and any other significant ingredients.
Fundamental Oil Composition (1.4%) Nigella Sativa
Acid (C16:1) 0.1%
Stearic Acid (C18:0) 2.6%
Oleic Carvone 21.1%
Alfa-Pinene 7.4%
Sabinene 5.5%
Beta-Pinene 7.7%
P-cymene 46.8%
Others 11.5%
Fatty Acids Nigella Sativa
Myristic Acid (C14:0) 0.5%
Palmitic Acid (C16:0) 13.7%
Palmitoleic Acid (C18:1) 23.7%
Linoleic Acid (C18:2)(Omega-6) 57.9%
Linolenic Acid (18:3n-3) (Omega-3) 0.2%
Arachidic Acid (C20:0) 1.3%
Saturated & Unsaturated Fatty Acids Nigella Sativa
Saturated Acid 18.1%
Monounsaturated Acids 23.8%
Polyunsaturated Acids 58.1%
Nutritional Value Nigella Sativa
Protein 208 ug/g--- Fifteen amino acids make up the protein content of the Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Seed, including eight of the nine essential amino acids
Thiamin 15ug/g
Riboflavin 1 ug/g
Pyridoxine 5ug/g
Niacin 57 ug/g
Folacin 610 IU/g
Calcium 1.859 mg/g
Iron 105 ug/g
Copper 18 ug/g
Zinc 60 ug/g
Phosphorus 5.265 mg/g
Nutritional Composition Nigella Sativa
protein 21%
carbohydrates 35%
fats 35-38%
Nigella Sativa Seeds are packed with healing compounds
Nigella sativa (Black Seed) oil contains over 100 therapeutic components which work together synergetically. When we include this healing product in our every day diet we are supplied with an endless list of components that are required for vitality and good health. 20% protein, 35% carbohydrates, 35-45% vegetable oils and fats, Omega 3 and Omega 6, essential oil 0.5-1.5%, trace elements and enzymes.
Fatty acid analysis of the extracted oil:
56% linoleic acid
24.6% oleic acid
12% palmitic acid
3% stearic acid
2.5% eicosadienoic acid
0.7% linolenic acid
0.16% myristic acid
Omega 6 and 3 EFAs
The perfect balance in the body the omega 6 and omega 3 should be in a ratio of 3:1 respectively. Nigella sativa (Black Seed) oil helps maintain this ratio through the production of Prostoglandin E1. Studies have determined this is probably brought about by the component thymoquinone (contained in Nigella sativa oil).
Thymoquinone
Thymoquinone is an antioxidant, which inhibits the formation of undesirable prostoglandins, is anti-inflammatory and has a pain killing effect.[U2] It has a choleretic effect (stimulates the production of bile) and is good for fat metabolism and detoxification. It has a bronchodilating effect and is thereby protective against asthma attacks. It has been reported that it inhibits the secretion of histamines and could be a true alternative to cortisone based therapies for certain allergy sufferers.---Thymoquinone is proven to be a natural, very potent anti-oxidant. When oxygen isn’t broken down completely in the cell membrane, which can be due to alcohol intake, drugs, bad diet and environmental pollution, the formation of free radicals results.
This can lead to a number of diseases including: cataract, heart disease, weakened immune system, Parkinson’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer.
Production of Prostaglandin E1
The Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded for research done on prostoglandins in 1982. The fatty acids are up to 50% polyunsaturated and therefore essential for human beings. Nigella sativa (Blackseed) oil can be compared to Borage and Primrose oil for this high essential content yet it has further healing components and is more versatile. It is the essential fatty acids combined with the volatile oil that play the vital role of forming prostoglandin E1 that harmonizes the immune system.---Prostaglandin E1 has numerous actions on the human body:
• It has a regulating effect on the brain functions, nerve conduction, and release of transmitter substances and messenger substances.
• It contributes to lowering the blood pressure and vasodilation and prevents the clumping of the
little blood platelets (thrombocytes)
• It regulates the immune system and activates the T-lymphocytes, which are essential for the body’s--defense against illness.
• It inhibits allergic processes
• It normalizes inflamed skin
• It has a bronchodilating effect
• It increases hormonal secretion for the thyroid hormone and insulin, for example.
• It regulates the female sexual hormones, above all during the corpous-luteum phase of the cycle, pregnancy and menopause.
• It has an anti-inflammatory effect by preventing the release of certain enzymes that participate in the creation of inflammations.
Prostoglandin E1 has a regulating and harmonizing effect on the immune system. This creates a calming effect when there is an over reaction, as is the case with allergies and asthma, which Blackseed oil’s thymoquinone also supports the anti-inflammatory, bronchodilatory, and secretagogic effect of prostoglandinE1.
Similarly, Black Seed oil also regulates the weakened immune system by increasing its capability of eliminating free radicals, tumours and cancerous cells.
Nigellon---Nigellon, another compound found in Nigella sativa, is also bronchodilatory and has an antispasmodic and warming effect. This is another reason why Nigella sativa can help treat respiratory disorders such as asthma and whooping cough. Research has also confirmed that it has anti- histamine qualities comparable to thymoquinone.
Saponin Melathin (Anti Parasitic)--Saponin Melathin (found in Nigella sativa (Black seed) oil has strong cleaning properties and is used as a laxative and for destroying parasites. It is effective in destroying parasites in infants where most herbal remedies would be too extreme, for example, a common herbal treatment is wormwood, a severe cleansing herb and cannot be used in sensitive applications.--In food, Saponin Melathin promotes the absorption of nutrients. It increases secretion and is considered mucolytic and expectorant providing liquefication of bronchial secretion and quick removal of bronchial mucous. It supports the bitter principle nigellin’s curative effect on metabolism for stimulating the appetite and as a digestant aid (this is due to the increased secretion of gastric juices). It promotes intestinal cleansing and encourages an overall eliminating action.
Beta-sisterol known for reducing serum cholesterol levels.
Beta-sisterol (also found in Nigella Sativa) reduces cholesterol levels.
Essential Oils and Lymphatic drainage--Essential oils have the holistic effect by smells triggering release of hormones and messenger substance. Also they are digested directly through the lymphatics helping to clear any congestion in the lymphatic system. This leaves the lymphatic system free to perform it’s function of purifying the blood (essential during any illness).
Vitamin B Complex---Nigella Sativa oil is rich in vitamin B complex:
* Vitamin B2 is required by the body to use oxygen and the metabolism of amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates.
* Thiamine (Vitamin B1) another one of the B complex. It plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems.
* Niacin (Vitamin B3) Another B complex is essential in the breakdown of fats and protein. It maintains muscle tone along the digestive tract and promotes the health of the nervous system, skin, hair, eyes, mouth, and liver.
Selenium---Selenium is also found in Nigella sativa. Studies have shown that mortality (death) from cancer, including lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers, is lower among people with higher selenium blood levels or intake. Antioxidant selenium is believed to reduce the risk of cancer, prevent blood clots, to be antiviral, anti-bacterial and inhibit chromozone damage. It is also said to counteract toxins and heavy metals.---Selenium is also used for standard external preparations for skin problems to experimental and theoretical applications in nutrition and internal medicine. Naturopaths use selenium supplements to treat asthma, acne, tendinitis, infertility problems in men, and postmenopausal disorders in women.
B-Carotene
B-Carotene is converted by the liver into vitamin A, the vitamin known for its anti-cancer activity.
Arginine which is essential for infant growth.
Fifteen amino acids make up the protein content of Nigella sativa (black seed), including nine of the nine essential amino acids. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesised within our body in sufficient quantities and are thus required from our diet.
Nigella sativa is also a source of calcium, iron, sodium, and potassium. Required only in small amounts by the body, these elements’ main function is to act as essential cofactors in various enzyme functions.
With all these compounds and nutrients, it becomes less of a mystery as to why Nigella Sativa is so effective in the treatment of so many chronic, debilitating diseases.
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Nobileton---
[Preventive action of nobiletin, a constituent of AURANTII NOBILIS PERICARPIUM with anti-dementia activity, against amyloid-beta peptide-induced neurotoxicity expression and memory impairment]
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2010 Apr;130(4):517-20 -Authors: Yamakuni T, Nakajima A, Ohizumi Y----
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a major health burden to society. However, no fundamentally therapeutic drugs for AD have been developed. Increasing evidence suggests that the elevation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides in the brain is central to AD pathogenesis. Recently, in the course of our survey of substances having anti-dementia activity from natural resources, we have successfully found nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavone contained in AURANTII NOBILIS PERICARPIUM which is a component of traditional Chinese medicines. In this review, we describe the beneficial effects of nobiletin on memory impairment and Abeta pathology in a transgenic mouse model introduced human "Swedish" and "London" mutant amyloid precursor protein. We also note the possible molecular mechanism underlying the protective action against Abeta-induced memory impairment provided by our studies using cultured hippocampal neurons. Namely, daily administration of nobiletin for four months rescued the memory impairment in fear conditioning, and decreased hippocampal Abeta deposit in the transgenic mice as analyzed by immunohistochemistry. PKA-dependent signaling and membrane trafficking of AMPA receptor subunit, GluR1, which are known to be required for long-term potentiation (LTP), have been demonstrated to be inhibited by a sublethal concentration of Abeta in cultured hippocampal neurons. Our in vitro studies evidently showed that a sublethal concentration of Abeta actually inhibited glutamate-induced increases in both PKA substrates phosphorylation and GluR1 membrane trafficking in cultured hippocampal neurons, whereas nobiletin reversed the Abeta-induced inhibition of such biochemical processes. The natural compound with these unique actions has thus potential to become a novel drug for fundamental treatment of AD.---PMID: 20371995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]iiii Increasing evidence suggests that the elevation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides in the brain is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Onozuka H's studies at Tohoku University, Japan, demonstrated that
nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavone from citrus peels, enhanced cAMP/protein kinase A/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/cAMP response element-binding protein signaling in cultured hippocampal neurons and
ameliorated Abeta-induced memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease model rats. Nobiletin was also shown to improve impaired memory in
olfactory-bulbectomized mice. In addition, Nakajima A and co-workers at Tohoku University, Japan, demonstrated that nobiletin was able to rescue
OBX-induced cholinergic neuro-degeneration, accompanied by improvement of impaired memory in OBX mice. These findings suggest that this natural compound has potential to become a novel drug for fundamental treatment of Alzheimer's disease. [1]
Nobiletin may have benefits of promoting joint health. Aggrecanase-1/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like motifs (ADAMTS)-4 and aggrecanase-2/ADAMTS-5 have been shown to play crucial roles in cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Imada K and co-workers found nobiletin interfered with the interleukin (IL)-1beta-mediated ADAMTS-4 and -5 mRNA expression in cultured human synovial fibroblasts. Furthermore, they also observed intraperitoneal administration of nobiletin suppressed ADAMTS-4 and -5 mRNA expression in the joint tissues of
collagen-induced arthritic mice. [2] Murakami A and co-workers from Kyoto University, Japan, observed nobiletin significantly suppressed the reduction of whole bone mineral density in ovariectomized mice. [3]
Nobiletin has been found to dose-dependently suppress the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 cells. It is very likely that nobiletin induced p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via modulated the Bax:Bcl-2 protein ratio. [4] The activation of mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) is well known to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Nobiletin has also shown to directly inhibit MEK activity and decrease the sequential
phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinases, exhibiting the antitumor metastatic activity by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase expression in human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells. [5]***********************************************************************
Rosemary--- Antiglycative effects- lipid hydroperoxide-mediated oxidative stress- Antidiabetic and Antioxidant-Acetylcholinesterase –Anti Tumour—Circulation- Keeps fat from breaking down and is a brain and liver support and artery and capillary strengthener
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Creatine- Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance-- Congestive heart failure (chronic) –RECOVERY— Enhanced muscle mass / strength - Enhanced athletic performance and endurance –Anti Huntington's disease –McArdle's disease -- Neuromuscular disorders -Creatine may reduce homocysteine levels—
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